The Difference Between kVA and kW
Understanding the distinction between kVA and kW is crucial when sizing a generator.
- kW (Kilowatts) — The actual power consumed by your equipment (real power)
- kVA (Kilovolt-Amperes) — The total power the generator must supply (real + reactive power)
The relationship is determined by the Power Factor (PF), typically between 0.8 and 1.0.
kW = kVA × Power Factor
kVA = kW ÷ Power Factor
Why It Matters
Generators are rated in kVA, while equipment consumption is in kW. If you ignore power factor, you might end up with a generator that's too small or unnecessarily oversized.
Example
Facility with 100 kW load, power factor 0.8:
Required generator size: 100 kW ÷ 0.8 = 125 kVA
Common Power Factor Values
- Lighting (incandescent): 1.0
- LED Lighting: 0.8-0.95
- Electric Motors: 0.7-0.9
- Pumps and Compressors: 0.75-0.85
- Computer Equipment: 0.6-0.8
- Welding Equipment: 0.5-0.7
Tips for Accurate Generator Sizing
- Measure your actual load with a power meter over a week
- Consider starting currents (motors draw 3-7x running current)
- Add 20-25% safety margin for future expansion
- Consult Jinjia Power's technical team for expert guidance
Contact our technical team for expert assistance.