HCI444F 3-Phase - Stamford | 400 kW

Model. The HCI444F 3-Phase is a Stamford HCI 4-pole alternator. Stamford designates the frame by the number in the model (444) and the core length by the letter that follows it (F). Within one frame the letter runs from short to long, and each step adds lamination stack and therefore output. It is wound for three-phase service at 50 Hz. Electrical rating. At 0.8 power factor lagging this machine is rated 400 kW, which is 500 kVA, delivered as three-phase at 400 V 50 Hz. At 400 V line-to-line that is 721.7 A per line. Ratings in this band are usually specified with a 1.25 service factor margin over the prime kW of the driving engine, so the alternator is not the limiting item when the set is asked to carry a block load. The 1500 rpm figure is synchronous speed, so there is no slip and no speed-dependent voltage droop. Frame and core. The 444 frame carries the F core. Frame size fixes the stator bore and the shaft centre height; the core length fixes how much active iron sits in that bore, and therefore how much output the machine can make at a given temperature rise. The exact finished weight and outline drawing depend on the winding and the coupling, so they are confirmed on the certified datasheet issued with the order. The cooling circuit is direct air cooled, IC01, and the frame is steel frame, cast iron end shields. Three-phase winding. This is a three-phase machine with a 12 re-connectable winding brought out to 12 re-connectable terminals, so it can be reconnected on site for the usual voltage pairs — 380/220 V, 400/230 V, 415/240 V, 440/254 V and 480/277 V on the 50 Hz build, and the 60 Hz pairs on the 60 Hz build. Reconnection is done on the link board inside the terminal box, not by rewinding, which is why one machine can serve a 380 V job and a 480 V job. The 2/3 pitch design is what keeps the fifth and seventh space harmonics down without skewing the stator, and it is the reason the line-to-line waveform stays within the distortion limits the standards ask for. Four-pole build. A four-pole machine turns at 1500 rpm on 50 Hz and 1800 rpm on 60 Hz. That is the standard choice for generator sets from a few tens of kVA up to the low megawatt range, because the lower rotor speed gives a longer bearing life, a quieter fan, a higher subtransient reactance that is easier to coordinate with downstream protection, and a rotor that can carry a substantial damper cage for parallel operation. The trade is weight: a four-pole machine of a given kVA is roughly twice the mass of a two-pole one. Excitation and voltage regulation. The excitation system is self-excited, brushless, rotating rectifier, regulated by MX321 (+/-0.5%) or MX341 (+/-1.0%), holding steady-state voltage to +/-0.5% (MX321) / +/-1.0% (MX341). The MX321 and MX341 regulators are the two standard AVRs on this frame. MX321 holds +/-0.5% and adds three-phase sensing plus over-excitation and under-excitation limiting; MX341 holds +/-1.0% with single-phase sensing and is the cheaper option where the load is well behaved. Both are fed from a separate auxiliary winding, so the excitation supply does not collapse when the main output is shorted — which is what gives the machine its three-times-full-load fault current for ten seconds. Mechanical build. The frame is steel frame, cast iron end shields. Bearings are BALL roller / ball combination sized to the 534 frame. Mounting is single bearing SAE flange or two bearing, IM 1201 / IM 1001. Maximum overspeed is 2250 rpm, and the machine is rated for 1000 m; derate 3% per 500 m above. The stator winding is double-layer concentric, and the rotor is balanced to better than BS6861 Part 1 Grade 2.5, which is what keeps vibration low enough for a set that will sit on a skid in a plant room. Derating for a dirty environment is 5% with an inlet filter fitted, 3% per 500 m above 1,000 m, and 3% per 5 degrees C above 40 degrees C ambient. Where it fits. Factory and large commercial duty, plus marine auxiliary service. Loads include large induction motors, variable-speed drives, and rectifier front ends, all of which put harmonic current back into the alternator and make the winding pitch and the damper cage do real work. On a three-phase machine of 400 kW the practical constraint is usually the downstream protection and the cable, not the alternator itself. Core stack position. The F core is stack position 4 of 4 in the HCI family, roughly 100% of the way along the family's lamination length range. It is the longest stack the HCI family is built with. Long-stack builds carry the rating in the frame with the lowest flux density of the family. The extra iron costs length and weight, and buys a cooler-running core, lower magnetising current, better part-load efficiency and more margin for site ambient above 40 C or for a non-standard voltage. Where it sits in the range. The HCI family is catalogued from 268 kW up to 1200 kW, and this page covers the 400 kW / 500 kVA point. The step below it is the HCI434E 3-Phase at 368 kW, 460 kVA. The step above it is the HCI534C2 at 440 kW, 550 kVA. If your load sits between two steps, take the higher one and let the engine run at part load rather than pushing the smaller machine to its limit on a hot afternoon. Reading the model code. A Stamford designation is read as the family letters (UCI, UCDI, HCI, PI, LVSI), a three-digit frame number, a core letter, and an optional winding suffix. Here that gives HCI444F 3-Phase for the model, 444 for the frame, F for the core and three for the phase count, so the code on the nameplate and the code on this page match one for one. Quoting the full code rather than just the frame matters on this family, because the same frame number is built in several core lengths and the winding changes with the voltage. Frame position. The HCI range is built on 6 frame sizes — 434, 444, 534, 544, 634, 644 — and the 444 frame is number 2 of them. No other frame in this range carries exactly this rating, so the 444 is the only build at 400 kW and there is no cross-frame decision to make. What the nameplate means once it is wired in. At 400 kW and 500 kVA this machine pushes 722 A down each line on a 400 V three-phase supply. That current, not the kVA figure, is what the switchgear and the cable have to survive, so the outgoing breaker should be a 1000 A frame device set to trip above 902 A, and the run from the alternator terminals to the first panel should be 300 mm2 copper per phase for a normal 25 to 30 m span. Longer runs, aluminium conductors or tray-installed cable all move that number up, and the volt drop at full load is what decides it in the end. On the mechanical side the prime mover has to deliver about 448 kW at the coupling. The usual 1.10 to 1.15 margin over the alternator rating covers the fan, the excitation loss and the governor droop, and it is the reason a 400 kW alternator is normally quoted against a 448 kW engine rather than a 400 kW one. Fuel burn follows the electrical load almost linearly in this range. At a realistic 0.29 L per kWh for a modern common-rail set, running this alternator at full rating takes roughly 116 L per hour; at 75 per cent load it drops to about 90 L per hour and at half load to about 64 L per hour, because the fixed losses stay put while the variable ones fall away. Quote the breaker frame, the cable size and the engine rating together with the alternator, because a set that is right on paper and undersized on the cable is the most common way a good alternator gets blamed for a bad installation. Frame number, core length and the trade the two make. The four characters after HCI are not a serial number: the first digit is the frame diameter class, the second is the core length class, the third is the pole count and the letter is the stack position inside that frame. This unit is a 44 class frame with a long core, which is one of two ways Stamford builds 400 kW at four poles. A 4 in the second position means the longer frame with the shorter core. The machine is bigger in diameter and shorter along the shaft, so it fits a low plant room, sits closer to the wall behind it and gives up less floor length in a container. The larger frame surface also means more radiating area per kW, so the winding runs cooler at the same load and the temperature rise margin is wider when the ambient climbs. The price of that is weight and a wider footprint: the feet are further apart, the coupling height is higher and the skid has to be built to match. Where this rating sits in the frame ladder. Within the 444 frame HCI carries 4 distinct ratings, and this is number 4 of them at 400 kW. This is the largest rating the 444 frame carries; the step below is the HCI444E 3-Phase at 350 kW / 437.5 kVA, 50 kW under this one. Anything bigger moves to the next frame size up. Every step inside one frame is one more lamination stack length. The shaft, the bearings, the foot pattern, the terminal box and the AVR are the same part across the whole ladder, and only the core length and the winding change. That is why the price gap between two neighbouring steps is small while the gap between the last step of one frame and the first step of the next is large. It also sets the value-engineering rule: dropping one core size inside the frame saves money and axial length but eats the margin to the load, while stepping up one size costs far less than jumping to the next frame and buying a bigger skid, a bigger breaker and a bigger cable with it. Supply. Supplied as a genuine Stamford unit — Cummins Generator Technologies, built in United Kingdom. the Stamford mark is owned by Cummins Generator Technologies and the machines are built in their own plants. Each alternator ships with the routine test certificate, the winding connection diagram, and the AVR commissioning sheet. Export packing is seaworthy plywood on a pallet sized to the frame, and the machine is strapped and shrink-wrapped inside it. Tell us the engine make and model, the coupling arrangement (single or two bearing), the voltage and frequency, and whether you need a PMG, and we will confirm the build before it leaves the works.